Cell phones are programmed to constantly search for the strongest signal emitted from cell phone towers in the area. When the signal strength is determined from enough locations, the computer system centralizes the phone and is able to find it. Then, the vehicle moves to another location and sends out signals until it connects with the phone. When the phone and Stingray connect, the computer system determines the strength of the signal and thus the distance to the device. Cell phones are programmed to connect with the cellular tower offering the best signal. The Stingray acts as a cellular tower to send out signals to get the specific device to connect to it. Typically, law enforcement officials place the Stingray in their vehicle with a compatible computer software.
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A StingRay can be used to identify and track a phone or other compatible cellular data device even while the device is not engaged in a call or accessing data services.Ī Stingray closely resembles a portable cellphone tower. Once a secretly boosted system takes control, any manipulation is possible from simple recording of the voice or data to total blocking of all cell phones in the geographic area. Power boosting equipment can be installed anywhere there can be an antenna, including in a vehicle, perhaps even in a vehicle on the move.
This strategy requires only more RF power, and thus it is more simple than other types of secret control. Just as a person shouting drowns out someone whispering, the boost in RF watts of power into the cell telephone system can overtake and control that system-in total or only a few, or even only one, conversation. There are other ways of secret capture that need not overpower, too.
The ordinary user can not know if their cell phone is captured via overpowering boosts or not. If overpowered that way, a cell phone will not indicate the change due to the secret radio being programmed to hide from normal detection. The standard systems are not "high power" and thus can be overpowered by secret systems using much more boosted power that can then take over a user's cell phone. The boosting of power, however, is limited by the design of the devices to a maximum setting. Encoding of all transmissions ensures that no crosstalk or interference occurs between two nearby cell users. In addition to carrying voice or data, the cell phone also transmits data about itself automatically, and that is boosted or not as the system detects need. If the user is in a remote location, the power boost may be continuous. The user has no control over this boosting it may occur for a split second or for the whole conversation. The tower system will sense when a cell phone is not coming in clearly and will order the cell phone to boost transmit power. The goal is to hold the call active but use the least amount of transmitting power, mainly to conserve batteries and be efficient.
To make all that work correctly, the system allows automatic increases and decreases in transmitter power for the individual cell phone and for the tower repeater, too so that only the minimum transmit power is used to complete and hold the call active, "on", and allows the users to hear and be heard continuously during the conversation. The two-way duplex phone conversation then exists via these interconnections.
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